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IEP goal bank

Forty-nine example goals in seven areas, each one a complete sentence a team could measure. The numbers are blanks on purpose.

No PDF, and no email needed. This page prints from your browser, and we can correct it the same day a rule changes.

The requirement that IEP goals be measurable is federal and reads the same in every state, under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The wording is not federal. Districts write goals inside their own IEP software, so the fields, the drop-downs, and the progress-report calendar differ from one district to the next. Ask your district for its blank IEP form and its progress-report schedule before you mark up any goal on this page.

Quick answer

Below are 49 example goals for an individualized education program (IEP), grouped into seven areas and written the way a school team writes them. Each one names a deadline, the condition the skill happens under, the skill itself, and how well and how often it has to happen before anyone can call it met. Every number is a blank. We do not know your child's baseline, and nobody who has not read the evaluation can say what a reasonable one-year target is. Pick two or three, mark them up, and hand them to the team as a starting point. These are examples to argue from. The goal that lands in the IEP is the team's to write, with you at the table.

How to read an IEP goal

A goal you can measure has five parts. Take one apart and you can see whether the school could ever prove it was met.

  • By when. Usually the annual review date.
  • Under what conditions. Given a graphic organizer, during recess, on an unpracticed passage.
  • Who, doing what observable thing. Something a substitute teacher could watch happen.
  • How well. A number, a percentage, a rate, or a rubric score.
  • How it gets measured, and how often. Weekly probes, the gradebook, a teacher log.

Here is one with the blanks filled in.

One goal with the blanks filled in

By May 12, 2027, when given an unpracticed passage at the third-grade level, Maya will read aloud at 90 words correct per minute with 95 percent accuracy on 4 of 5 weekly one-minute timed readings, up from 62 words correct per minute in September.

Now read the version that shows up on a lot of draft IEPs. "Maya will improve her reading fluency." Nobody can fail that sentence. That is what it is for.

The test is short. Could two people watch the same week and agree on whether it happened. If the answer is no, the goal is a wish with a date on it.

For what a goal has to contain, how benchmarks work, and what to ask when one is missed, read IEP annual goals.

How to use the bank

Each block below copies with one button and prints on its own. Print the two areas that match the needs already written into your child's present levels and leave the other five alone.

Three goals is the working number at a meeting. Arrive with twenty and you get thanked. Arrive with three and you get an argument about three, which is what you came for.

The trial counts are conventions, not rules. Four of five weekly probes is a common way to say the skill has to hold up, and the team can set it differently with a reason.

None of these was written for your child. A goal aimed at a fourth grader who decodes cleanly and cannot hold a paragraph in her head is the wrong goal for a fourth grader who cannot decode.

Reading goals

Reading goals go wrong when nobody has decided which part is broken. Decoding, rate, and comprehension are three different problems with three different fixes, and a goal aimed at reading level is covering for a team that skipped that decision. Strong ones name the text, because unpracticed, instructional level, and grade level produce three different scores from the same child on the same morning.

Reading, 8 goals

1. By [date], given a list of 20 unfamiliar words containing [target pattern, such as closed syllables or vowel teams], [child's name] will read [target] of 20 correctly on 3 consecutive weekly probes, up from [baseline] of 20. 2. By [date], given an unpracticed passage at the [grade] reading level, [child's name] will read aloud at [target] words correct per minute with [target] percent accuracy on 4 of 5 weekly one-minute timed readings, up from [baseline] words correct per minute. 3. By [date], after reading a [length]-paragraph informational passage at instructional level, [child's name] will answer [target] of 5 literal comprehension questions correctly on 3 consecutive weekly assessments, up from [baseline] of 5. 4. By [date], after reading a short narrative passage at instructional level, [child's name] will state the main idea and support it with two details from the text on [target] of 5 passages across 4 consecutive weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 5. By [date], given 10 new content-area words taught that week, [child's name] will define [target] of 10 in plain words and use each one in a sentence, measured on the weekly vocabulary check, up from [baseline] of 10. 6. By [date], when meaning breaks down during independent reading, [child's name] will use a taught fix-up strategy (reread, slow down, or check the heading) with no adult prompt on [target] of 5 observed occasions across 3 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 7. By [date], shown 50 grade-level high-frequency words on cards, [child's name] will read [target] of 50 within three seconds each on 2 consecutive probes, up from [baseline] of 50. 8. By [date], during independent reading time, [child's name] will read a self-selected book at instructional level for [target] minutes with no redirection on 4 of 5 school days per week, up from [baseline] minutes.

Writing goals

Writing goals fail when they measure the finished product and skip the step the child cannot do. A student who can say a good paragraph out loud and cannot get it onto paper needs a goal about planning or transcription. Grading the paragraph will not find that. Name the support inside the condition. Given a graphic organizer and given nothing are two different goals with the same words after them.

Writing, 7 goals

1. By [date], given a picture prompt and a word bank, [child's name] will write [target] complete sentences with a capital letter and an end mark on 4 of 5 weekly writing samples, up from [baseline] sentences. 2. By [date], given a graphic organizer and a grade-level prompt, [child's name] will write a paragraph with a topic sentence, at least three supporting details, and a closing sentence, scoring [target] of 4 on the district writing rubric across 3 consecutive samples, up from [baseline] of 4. 3. By [date], before drafting an assigned essay, [child's name] will complete a planning organizer naming a thesis and at least three pieces of evidence, with no adult prompt, on [target] of 5 assignments, up from [baseline] of 5. 4. By [date], given a first draft and an editing checklist, [child's name] will find and correct [target] percent of the capitalization and end-punctuation errors on 4 of 5 drafts, up from [baseline] percent. 5. By [date], on a weekly list of 15 words drawn from taught spelling patterns, [child's name] will spell [target] of 15 correctly on 3 consecutive weekly tests, up from [baseline] of 15. 6. By [date], given a laptop and speech-to-text, [child's name] will produce a first draft of [target] words within a 20-minute writing period on 4 of 5 occasions, up from [baseline] words written by hand in the same 20 minutes. 7. By [date], given a text-dependent question and a two-sentence answer frame, [child's name] will write an answer that states a claim and quotes the text, scoring [target] of 4 on the classroom rubric across 3 consecutive assignments, up from [baseline] of 4.

Math goals

Math goals need to say which math. Fact fluency, written procedure, and word problems break down for different reasons. A student reading two grades below will miss grade-level word problems for reasons that have nothing to do with number sense. The weak version is the goal copied out of the grade-level standard, which describes the curriculum instead of the child.

Math, 7 goals

1. By [date], given a one-minute timed probe of [operation] facts through [10], [child's name] will write [target] correct answers on 3 consecutive probes, up from [baseline] correct. 2. By [date], given 10 two-digit addition and subtraction problems that require regrouping, [child's name] will solve [target] of 10 correctly on 3 consecutive weekly probes, up from [baseline] of 10. 3. By [date], given 5 one-step word problems at the [grade] level and a problem-solving checklist, [child's name] will choose the operation and solve [target] of 5 correctly across 3 consecutive weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 4. By [date], given two-step equations with one variable, [child's name] will solve [target] of 5 correctly on 3 consecutive class assignments, up from [baseline] of 5. 5. By [date], given a number line and 10 fractions with unlike denominators, [child's name] will place and compare [target] of 10 correctly on 3 consecutive probes, up from [baseline] of 10. 6. By [date], given a menu and a [$20] budget, [child's name] will select items and total the order to within [$1] on [target] of 5 trials in the school store, up from [baseline] of 5. 7. By [date], on assigned math work, [child's name] will apply the taught checking step and catch [target] of 5 planted computation errors before turning the page in, on 4 of 5 assignments, up from [baseline] of 5.

Communication goals

Communication goals belong to the speech-language pathologist and they still have to be readable by you. Ask which setting the data comes from. A sound produced correctly in the therapy room and the same sound produced correctly in the cafeteria are two different skills, and only one of them changes the child's day. The weak version scores accuracy inside a session and never asks whether anyone outside that room can follow what the child said.

Communication, 7 goals

1. By [date], across structured and unstructured school routines, [child's name] will request a needed item or adult help using [a full sentence or the speech-generating device] on [target] of 5 observed opportunities per day across 3 consecutive days, up from [baseline] of 5. 2. By [date], given a two-step spoken direction with no gesture and no repetition, [child's name] will complete both steps on the first request on [target] of 5 opportunities across 4 consecutive sessions, up from [baseline] of 5. 3. By [date], in structured conversation with a familiar adult, [child's name] will produce [target sound] correctly in words at [target] percent accuracy across 3 consecutive speech sessions, up from [baseline] percent. 4. By [date], using the speech-generating device, [child's name] will combine two symbols to request or comment on [target] of 5 opportunities per session across 3 consecutive sessions, up from [baseline] of 5. 5. By [date], after a shared reading, [child's name] will retell the events in order and name [target] of 4 story elements on 3 consecutive weekly probes, up from [baseline] of 4. 6. By [date], during a small-group activity, [child's name] will ask a partner a question about the partner's topic on [target] of 5 observed exchanges across 4 sessions, up from [baseline] of 5. 7. By [date], when a listener signals that the message was not understood, [child's name] will repeat or reword it on [target] of 5 observed occasions per week across 3 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5.

Social and emotional goals

Social goals go wrong by measuring compliance. Will be respectful and will show a positive attitude cannot be scored, and they hand the teacher a rating instead of a count. The strong ones name one move the child makes. Then they say who is watching and how often. These are the goals most likely to be filled in from memory on the last day of the quarter.

Social and emotional, 7 goals

1. By [date], during recess, [child's name] will join an ongoing peer activity using a taught entry strategy on [target] of 5 observed opportunities per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 2. By [date], when the classroom rating scale is presented, [child's name] will name a current level and one thing that would help on [target] of 5 check-ins per day across 3 consecutive days, up from [baseline] of 5. 3. By [date], when frustrated during independent work, [child's name] will use a taught coping strategy (break card, water break, or paced breathing) rather than leaving the room, on [target] of 5 observed instances across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 4. By [date], when given an adult correction or told no, [child's name] will answer in a neutral voice and return to the task within 2 minutes on [target] of 5 observed occasions per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 5. By [date], during a 10-minute partner activity, [child's name] will take turns and stay with the partner for the full activity on [target] of 5 sessions across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 6. By [date], after a conflict at recess, [child's name] will tell a supervising adult what happened, in [child's name]'s own words, within 10 minutes of the incident on [target] of 5 observed incidents, up from [baseline] of 5. 7. By [date], when a task is too hard, [child's name] will raise a hand or place the help card on the desk within 2 minutes, rather than stopping work, on [target] of 5 observed occasions per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5.

Executive function and behavior goals

Executive function goals are where prompting hides. Every one of these should say what the adult is doing, because staying on task with a paraprofessional at the elbow and staying on task alone are not the same result, and the IEP that measures the first one will keep buying the adult. If the behavior is dangerous, or it is the reason your child keeps getting sent out, a goal is not the whole answer. Ask for a functional behavioral assessment first, and for the plan that comes out of it.

Executive function and behavior, 7 goals

1. By [date], given a written direction and a one-minute wait, [child's name] will begin the assigned task with no additional adult prompt on [target] of 5 observed tasks per day across 3 consecutive days, up from [baseline] of 5. 2. By [date], during independent work, [child's name] will stay on task for [target] consecutive minutes with no more than one redirection, on 4 of 5 observed work periods per week, up from [baseline] minutes. 3. By [date], at the end of each class period, [child's name] will write the assignment in the planner and pack the materials listed by the teacher on [target] of 5 school days per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 4. By [date], [child's name] will turn in [target] of 10 assignments on time in [named class], measured from the online gradebook every two weeks, up from [baseline] of 10. 5. By [date], given a two-minute warning, [child's name] will move to the next activity and be ready to work within 3 minutes on [target] of 5 transitions per day across 3 consecutive days, up from [baseline] of 5. 6. By [date], when the work is non-preferred and [child's name] wants out of it, [child's name] will hand the break card to the adult and take a 3-minute break inside the classroom rather than leaving the room, on [target] of 5 observed instances per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 7. By [date], using a self-monitoring checklist at three set points in the day, [child's name] will rate on-task behavior within one point of the teacher's rating on [target] of 5 school days per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5.

Functional and life skills goals

Functional goals cover the parts of the day nobody grades, and they decide how independent an adult your child gets to be. They are the first thing cut when the schedule is tight and the hardest thing to add back at 17. Where the IEP includes transition services, these attach to the postsecondary goals in the transition plan, and the data usually gets collected somewhere other than a classroom.

Functional and life skills, 6 goals

1. By [date], following the picture sequence posted at the sink, [child's name] will complete all handwashing steps with no adult prompt on [target] of 5 observed trials per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 2. By [date], [child's name] will walk from the classroom to [the cafeteria] and back, arriving within 5 minutes and with no adult escort, on [target] of 5 trials per week across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 3. By [date], at the start of a class where a testing accommodation applies, [child's name] will ask the teacher for that accommodation, unprompted, on [target] of 5 observed opportunities across 4 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 4. By [date], during a 30-minute school job placement, [child's name] will finish the assigned task list with no more than two verbal prompts on [target] of 5 shifts across 6 weeks, up from [baseline] of 5. 5. By [date], [child's name] will complete [target] of the steps written into the transition plan for [named postsecondary goal], including [a campus visit and a submitted application], documented in the transition folder by the annual review date. 6. By [date], given a [$10] bill and a purchase under [$10], [child's name] will pay and count the change to within [$0.25] on [target] of 5 community-based trials, up from [baseline] of 5.

Before you bring one to the meeting

Send it in writing. A goal read out loud at the table gets discussed, and a goal sitting in an email gets answered. Email the case manager three to five school days out and ask for two things. The baseline the team already holds for that skill, and whether the goal you marked up is one they can write.

Ask for the baseline before the meeting

Please send the current baseline data for [child's name] on [skill], with the date it was collected and the method used. We would also like to discuss the attached draft goal at the meeting on [date]. Please make sure the goals in the draft IEP each include a baseline number, the condition the skill is measured under, the performance level that counts as met, and how progress will be reported to us.

Ask for the baseline first. A team that cannot produce one for a skill it wrote a goal on last year has already told you something about the goal.

Where an advocate fits

Goals are where an argument gets concrete. Service minutes are hard to win in the abstract. They are much easier to win against a goal the child has missed two years running. So the goal page is where an advocate usually starts. They read the progress reports against the goal wording, find the goals with no baseline, and ask for the underlying data before the meeting instead of at it. Advocates are not attorneys. They cannot file a lawsuit or represent you at a due process hearing. Most advocates on our directory charge $75 to $150 per hour, and you can search by state to see who works near you.

What this goal bank cannot do

Five limits.

  • No goal here was written for your child. Each one is a sentence shape with the numbers removed, and the numbers are the part that decides whether it is the right goal.
  • We do not set targets. A one-year target comes out of the evaluation, the current baseline, and the rate of progress the child has actually shown, and no web page can supply it.
  • A goal is not a service. Minutes, provider, and setting are written into other parts of the document, so a well-worded goal with nothing behind it is a sentence. See what must be in an IEP.
  • Copying a goal in does not make it appropriate. IDEA (the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) requires measurable annual goals at 34 C.F.R. § 300.320(a)(2). It requires nothing about wording, and a goal can be perfectly measurable and still be too small.
  • The progress report is the enforcement, not the goal. The IEP has to say how progress toward each goal will be measured and when you will get reports, at 34 C.F.R. § 300.320(a)(3). Read them the day they arrive, because that is where a goal quietly dies. See progress monitoring.

Bring the examples. The team still writes the goal, and the only thing you are owed is the number it started from and an honest answer about why that target and not a bigger one.

Sources

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